Good will definition Essay Example for Free

Good will definition EssayAn account that can be found in the assets portion of a comp boths parallelism sheet. seemliness can often arise when one company is getd by another company. In an acquisition, the amount paid for the company over maintain range usually accounts for the target firms intangible assets. free grace is seen as an intangible asset on the balance sheet because it is not a physical asset want buildings or equipment. Goodwill typically reflects the value of intangible assets such as a strong brand name, good customer relations, good employee relations and any patents or proprietary technology. method actingThere atomic number 18 three methods of valuation of goodwill of the firm1. average pelf Method2. extremely lettuce Method3. Capitalisation Method1. Average Profits MethodThis method of goodwill valuation takes the bonnie lolly of previous old age as its basis. This average profit is multiplied by the number of purchases made in that year.Goodwill = Average Profit x Number of Purchases in the yearBefore calculating the average profits the following adjustments should be made in the profits of the firm a. Any brachydactylous profits should be deducted from the net profits of that year. b. Any abnormal loss should be added back to the net profits of that year. c. Non-operating incomes eg. Income from investments etc should be deducted from the net profits of that year.ExampleAn Ltd agreed to buy the business of B Ltd. For that purpose Goodwill is to be valued at three long time purchase of Average Profits of last cinque years. The profits of B Ltd. for the last five years beYear Profit/Loss ($)2005 10,000,0002006 12,250,0002007 7,450,0002008 2,450,000 (Loss)2009 12,400,000Following additional information is available1. In the year 2008 the company suffered a loss of $1,000,500 due to extract in the factory. 2. In the year 2009 the company take in an income from investments come to the foreside the business $ 4,500,250. outcomeTotal profits earned in the past five years= 10,000,000 + 12,250,000 + 7,450,000 2,450,000 + 12,400,000 = $ 39,650,000 Total Profits after adjustments = $ 39,650,000 + $ 1,000,500 $ 4,500,250=$ 36,150,250 Average Profits= $ 36,150,2505=$ 7,230,050Goodwill = $ 7,230,0503=$ 21,690,150Thus A Ltd would pay $ 21,690,150 as the price of Goodwill earned by B Ltd.2. A-one profits methodSuper profit refers to a situation where in the actual profit is higher than what is expected. Under this method,Goodwill = super profit x number of years purchaseSteps for calculating Goodwill under(a) this method are given belowi) natural Profits = Capital Invested X Normal rate of return/100ii) Super Profits = Actual Profits Normal Profitsiii) Goodwill = Super Profits x No. of years purchasedFor example, the capital employed as shown by the books of alphabet Ltd is $ 50,000,000. And the normal rate of return is 10 %. Goodwill is to be mensurable on the basis of 3 years purchase of super profi ts of the last four years.Profits for the last four years areYear Profit/Loss ($)2005 10,000,0002006 12,250,0002007 7,450,0002008 5,400,000Total profits for the last four years = 10,000,000 + 12,250,000 + 7,450,000 +5,400,000 = $35,100,000 Average Profits = 35,100,000 / 4 = $ 8,775,000Normal Profits = 50,000,000 X 10/100 = $ 5,000,000Super Profits = Average/ Actual Profits Normal Profits = 8,775,000 5,000,000 = $ 3,775,000 Goodwill = 3,775,000 3 = $ 11,325,0003. Capitalisation MethodThere are ii ways of calculating Goodwill under this method(i) Capitalisation of Average Profits Method(ii) Capitalisation of Super Profits Method(i) Capitalisation of Average Profits MethodAs per this method,Goodwill = Capitalized Value the firm Net Assets CapitalizedValue of the firm = Average Profit x 100/ Normal arrange of ReturnNet Assets = Total Assets External LiabilitiesFor example a firm earns $40,000 as its average profits. The normal rate of rteturn is 10%. Total assets of the firm are $1,000,000 and its total external liabilities are $ 500,000. To calculate the amount of goodwill Total capitalized value of the firm = 40,000 100/10 = 400,000 Capital Employed = 1,000,000 500,000 = 500,000Goodwill = 500,000 400,000 = 100,000(ii)Capitalisation of Super ProfitsUnder this method, goodwill is mensural asGoodwill = Super Profit x 100/Normal Rate of ReturnFor example ABC Ltd earns a profit of $ 50,000 by employing a capital of $ 200,000, The normal rate of return of a firm is 20%. To calculate Goodwill Normal Profits = 200,000 20/100 =$ 40,000Super profits = 50,000 40,000 = $10,000Goodwill = 10,000 100 / 20 = $50,000Partial Goodwill MethodIn the partial goodwill method, goodwill is calculated as the variance between the purchase consideration paid and the acquirers percentage of the fair value of the net classifiable assets. In partial goodwill method, wholly the acquirers share of the goodwill is recognized. Goodwill under full goodwill method exceeds goodwil l under partial goodwill method by the non-controlling interest share of the goodwill. Partial goodwill method is not allowed under US GAAP but it is allowed as an option under IFRS (besides the full goodwill method). Goodwill under partial goodwill method differs from goodwill under full goodwill method only in situations in which investment by the acquirer is less(prenominal) than 100%.ExampleLets follow the same example that we discussed in full goodwill method. Company A acquired 75% shareholding in Company B for $20 million. Book value of net identifiable assets of Company B is $14 million. The fair value of Company Bs asset is the same as their book value except accounts receivables which are impaired by $1 million. Book value of assets is $54 million while book value of liabilities is $40 million.The purchase consideration is the cash paid to acquire 75% ownership and it equals $20 million. Fair value of net identifiable assets is $13 million ($54 million book value minus $1 million on account if impairment in accounts receivable minus liabilities of $40 million). The acquirers share of the net identifiable assets equals 75% of $13 million which equals $9.75 million. Goodwill is hence $20 million minus $9.75 which equals $10.25 million. Company A will pass the following journal intro to record the business combination.Goodwill $10.25 M Assets $53 M Liabilities $40 MCash $20 MNon-Controlling Interest $3.25 MNon-controlling interest is calculated as 25% of fair value of net identifiable assets. It equals $3.25 ($13 million multiplied by 0.25). It can also be arrived at the match figure (goodwill under full goodwill method + assets acquired liabilities assumed cash paid). Total goodwill under full goodwill method was $13.67 and non-controlling interest was $6.67 million. The difference is non-controlling interest in case of partial goodwill is only because in partial goodwill method the non-controlling interest share of goodwill is not enter which equals $3.42 million (0.25 of ($26.67 minus $13 million)).Weighted average profit methodThis method of goodwill evaluation can be explained as a circumscribed side of the he average profit method. This method involves the relevant number of weights, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4 multiples profit of each year so as to find out value product. The total of products is thereafter divided by the total of weights so as to calculate the weighted average profits.Goodwill = Weighted Average Profits x No. of years PurchaseWeighted Average Profit = Total of Products of Profits/ Total of WeightsEXAMPLEThe profit of X Ltd. for the last five years and the corresponding weights are as follows.Calculate the value of goodwill on the basis of 3 years purchase of the weighted average profit.SolutionWeighted Average Profit = Rs. 21, 30,000 15 = Rs. 1, 42,000. Value of Goodwill = 3 years purchase of weighted average profit Rs. 1, 42,000 x 3 = Rs. 4, 26,000