Analysis of Cusp Catastrophe Model

psychoanalysis of Cusp Catastrophe ModelSocial Psychology of Sport slender discussion on cusp misfortune model and using its principles of foreboding on an athletes feat.IntroductionThe ability to cope with pull and fear under strenuous conditions such as a huge sporting event is an essential skill to look at, especially for an elite aim athlete. Anxiety cease be associated with an unpleasant state of mind, which can postulate dis homogeneous set up on act. There puzzle been many report situations among athletes relating the feeling of world anxious or stressed in dissimilar sporting events. Dias et, al (2009) rich person participated in a explore describe 550 results among different level athletes linking to stress and fear to an important event. Some research have been shown that there were reduce in performance in correlation to solicitude such as memory, complex motor tasks such as shooting into the hoop in basketball () or indoor shake off climbing (). H owever, there have alike been positive trouble correlations on performance regarding rebound shot in basketball and () have shown to have improvement in motor tasks skills such as anagram-solving.However, the relationships between misgiving and performance have been difficult to explain. Things such as methodological flaws, inadequacy of operational definitions and unclear theoretical construction all conjunct inside different theories (). hardys (1990) cups mischance model (CCM) has been attempting to explain the contradicting encumbrances of fretfulness on performance, using third-dimensional construct model.Cusp catastrophe modelThe catastrophe theory was originally proposed by a mathematician Rene Thom (1975). Rene unquestion suitable the model geometrically explaining all naturally discontinuities in the world. barefaced (1990) has thusly developed a model of perplexity and performance (), attempting to explain the contradicting findings that have been previously reported regarding anxiety on performance.The model is based on the view on anxiety performance as a multidimensional construct it combines the cognitive components interactive effects of anxiety-performance relationship, the facilitative effects of cognitive anxiety and hysteresis(), and physiological foreplays the organisms natural physiological solution to anxiety-including satiations(). Cups catastrophe model shows an interactive, three-dimensional model predicting the effects for cognitive anxiety in a form of worry and physiological stimulus on performance.Cups catastrophe model proposes that there be a series of foursome relationships which exists between cognitive anxiety, physiological stimulus and performance. Cognitive arousal (CA) components argon explained as expectations and cognitive concerns ab show up one self, their situation and potential consequences (). physiological arousal (PA) component is regarded as physiological response to anxiety, such as pain, fe eling sick or feeling uncomfortable ().The first soothsayer suggests that cognitive anxiety has a positive connection with performance, when physiological arousal is at the lower end of the spectrum. The sulphur predictor shows to have a negative relationship with performance, when physiological arousal is tall. Third, is when the CA is low, the PA is shown to have an inverted U-shaped relationship on performance. The final predictor suggests that, when CA is high and physiological arousal is increasing a break in the cockle of performance surface occurs. The split factor suggests that there will be a ruinous get down in performance from the upper performance surface to lower performance surface. More over, when the catastrophic drop has occurred, with the large reduction in physiological arousal it is possible to bring performance abide to the upper performance surface ().The change that occur when cognitive anxiety is high and physiological arousal increases is called hys teresis, which occurs under the condition of high cognitive anxiety but not low cognitive anxiety.Hysteresis can be explained as the condition within the model where performance can catastrophically decrease from the upper performance surface to the lower performance surface. However, with the decrease in PA levels below the level at which the catastrophic drop occurred performance of the athlete whitethorn increase.Analysing one of the quotes made by Jessica Ennis, (2011) who is a professional 100 meter hurdler, have said Im really, really noisome before every event, she admits. There be different levels of nerves. Before the hurdle race Im particularly nervous as its the first event and, once thats out of the way, I relax a little bit. Using cups catastrophe model it can be seen that Jessica experience signs of anxiety, having different levels of nervousness throughout the event. It can be expected that her cognitive and physiological arousals are beauteous high, as the pressu re from an Olympic event such as crowd, contestation, victorious the gold medal or podium position could have an effect on her performance. So before the event Jessicas anxiety levels are high, with cognitive anxiety being high and physiological arousal change magnitude the hysteresis effect may occur with Jessica feeling the pressure. However, her personal coping strategies could function reverse that effect, bringing her back to the upper performance surface when the competition begins. Balancing the high cognitive state and physiological arousal may dish up increase performance during the event. Straight after the event it can be seen that she may relax, so her cognitive anxiety and physiological arousal decrease straight after the event leaving her of being much stress-free. Moreover, if she had to perform the hurdles after a certain amount of time, cognitive anxiety could be in at the middle and physiological arousal being low, to maintain the concentration for her to pr ogress on to the next tier. circumstantial discussionThe cups catastrophe model can handle complex additive and nonlinear relationship simultaneously in a three-dimensional manner, with the purpose of high-order probability density within the model, the functions have the advantage of being able to integrate sudden changes within behavioural jumps in the hysteresis(). Researches by Hardy et al, 2010 have applied the theory behind the cusp model over two experiments, sustentationing the process and the theory behind performance catastrophes and anxiety by using it with high levels of trait anxiety with competitive milieu. The second study was social pressure and ego within the competitive environment which suggest that the cups catastrophe model is plausible. Hardy at al, 2007 have also found that hysteresis did occur in high CA condition, with the significant drops in performance with the increase in PA and CA. An another(prenominal)wise study by Marshall et al. 2005 looked int o how interaction effects of cognitive anxiety and physiological arousal on have an effect on golf performance. The research did confirm that using the model, it had a positive relationship in regards of different situations and how anxiety is coped. However, the research also indicated that even though the methodology is plausible other factors needed to be assessed, as the theory is multidimensional it is very complex.Edwards et al, 2002 on the other hand, implemented that the theory of cusp catastrophe model may be plausible however other factors such as government agency could appear to play a significant part in the catastrophic performance. Also () has implemented that other models such as endogenous learning-by-doing (ELBD), supports similar fundamentals of anxiety literature.All of the studies and theories suggest that anxiety does have different effects on physiological arousal and on anticipation clock performance during competition and practice. Also most of the models d o tend to support the hysteresis theory and the catastrophe phenomenon.Most of the literature supports the different implementation of anxiety which occurs within the human mind, however it is very complex and needs to be further investigated to find a greater explanation on how anxiety affects sporting performance.ConclusionDetermining the effects on anxiety on performance is still ripe at this stage there are plenty of implementations which could be added to all of the models and theories. However, with the use of combined theories it may help further explanation and elimination of how there are relationships within sagacity of anxiety, and how potentially it could increase and decrease performance of the athletes. With the cups catastrophe model being one of the most used in the research, it cannot be overlooked that other factors may affect the relationship between anxiety and performance. With the implementation of cups catastrophe model researchers could use other models or t heories to round up the conclusion.ReadsAnxiety-induced performance catastrophes Investigating effort required as an asymmetry factorLew Hardy*,Stuart Beattie andTim Woodman